ʻO ka ʻenehana hoʻomaʻamaʻa ili alumini: ka "ʻaʻahu kilokilo" o ka metala

I loko o ka hale hana hana o nā pahu kelepona, nā ʻili mokulele, a me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā pā pale, kahi aniani maʻemaʻepapa aluminihiki ke hoʻololi ʻia i "ʻili akamai" i kū i ka manamana lima, pale ʻole, a ʻeleʻele hoʻi ma hope o ka hana ʻana i ka hana pohihihi. ʻO kēia ka mea kilokilo o ka ʻenehana lapaʻau aluminika - ma o ke kino, kemika, a i ʻole ke ʻano olaola, ua kūkulu ʻia nā ʻano "molecular armors" like ʻole ma luna o ka ʻili o ka alumini, e ʻae ana i nā metala maʻamau e hoʻomālamalama i ke ola kupaianaha.

No ke aha e pono ai ka lapaʻau ʻana?

ʻOiai ua ʻike ʻia ka alumini ʻo ka "metala ʻaʻole e rusts", ʻekolu mau hemahema koʻikoʻi o kona ʻano kūlohelohe:

Kūleʻa ʻino: Ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa, hoʻopili ka alumini me ka oxygen e hana i kahi papa pale pale aluminika, akā hiki ke hoʻopōʻino i kēia kaiapuni kūlohelohe.

ʻAʻole hiki ke pale i ka ʻaʻahu: HV15-20 wale nō ka paʻakikī o ka alumini maʻemaʻe (he HV40-60 ka hao), a hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻōpala i ka wā hakakā o kēlā me kēia lā.

Nā palena nani: ʻO ka ʻili alumini i hoʻoponopono ʻole ʻia he ʻeleʻele a nele i ka luster, e paʻakikī ke hoʻokō i nā koi hoʻolālā kiʻekiʻe.

Kuhi ʻia ka ʻenehana lapaʻau i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kēia mau pilikia ma ka hana ʻana i kahi uhi hana o 0.1-500 μm ma ka ʻili o ka alumini, e hāʻawi iā ia me nā hiʻohiʻona e like me ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka corrosion, ke kūpaʻa ʻaʻahu, a me ka hoʻonaninani. ʻOi aku ma mua o 200 miliona mau toni o ka alumini e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka honua i kēlā me kēia makahiki, e hana ana i ka waiwai hana ma luna o 300 biliona kālā ʻAmelika.

ʻIke piha o nā ʻenehana lapaʻau maʻamau

Anodizing: Hoʻokumu ka magic electrolysis 'mea kaua'

Kumu: E hoʻokomo i ka mea alumini i loko o ka sulfuric acid electrolyte a hoʻoulu i kahi ʻāpana seramika alumina 10-200 μm ma ka ʻili ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka uila.

Nā mea koʻikoʻi ʻenehana

Hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi ʻano honeycomb scale micro me ka paʻakikī a hiki i ka HV300 (hoʻonui ʻia e 15 mau manawa)
Hiki ke kala ʻia i loko o 200 mau kala (e like me ka gradient blue no iPhone).

ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion paʻakai a hiki i 2000 mau hola (500 mau hola wale nō ka pā alumini maʻamau).

hihia noi

Aerospace: ʻO Boeing 787 fuselage skin anodized treatment e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pale ʻana i ka wā kahiko o UV ma ʻekolu manawa.

ʻO ka pā pale kūkulu hale: Alucobond composite panel anodized film mānoanoa o 50 μm, me ke ola o nā makahiki he 50.

Electroplating: Hoʻohui ʻia o nā palena keʻa o nā Metala

Kumu: Ma ka electrochemical deposition, nickel, chromium, tin a me nā papa metala ʻē aʻe i uhi ʻia ma ka ʻili o ka alumini.

ʻO ka holomua hou:

Nanoelectroplating: Ke hoʻomohala nei ʻo Iapana i nā ʻāpana ultra-thin me ka mānoanoa o 1 μm wale nō e mālama i ka pono o ka substrate māmā.

Hoʻohui electroplating: Hoʻohui i nā ʻāpana daimana i ka hopena plating e hoʻonui i ka paʻakikī iā HV1000.

Hoʻololi kaiapuni: ʻO ke kaʻina hana electroplating manuahi Cyanide e hōʻemi i nā hoʻokuʻu metala kaumaha ma 90%.

Nā hiʻohiʻona noiʻi
Nā ʻāpana kaʻa: ʻO ka pā pākahi Tesla i uhi ʻia me ka papa nickel, hiki ke kū i nā wela kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 800 ℃.

Nā huahana uila: ʻO ka MacBook shell i uhi ʻia me ka papa keleawe, hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka conductivity thermal e 40%.

Micro arc oxidation (MAO): he "imu ahi atomi" no ka uhi palaki

ʻIke loea: Ma lalo o ke kahua uila uila kiʻekiʻe, hoʻopuka ʻia ka hoʻokuʻu plasma ma ka ʻili o ka alumini, e hana ana i kahi papa ceramic 10-200 μm.

Nā pono hana:

ʻAʻahu kūʻē: ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e like me 5 × 10 ⁻⁷ mm ³/N · m (1/5 o ka anodizing).

ʻO ka hana insulation: hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka uila a hiki i 2000V / mm (10 mau manawa o ke kila).

Biocompatibility: hōʻoia ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka implantation hui.

Nā noi Frontier:

Lapaʻau Lapaʻau: Ua uhi ʻia nā mea ʻokiʻoki ʻo Germany B Braun me MAO ma luna o ka ʻili, me ka helu antibacterial o 99.9%.

ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā mokulele mokulele: Ua hoʻomohala ʻo NASA iā Al ₂ O ∝ – TiO ₂ i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka papa ceramic composite, kūpaʻa ka mahana a hiki i 2000 ℃.

ʻO ke kiʻi hoʻololi kemika: ka "pale i ʻike ʻole ʻia" no ka hana ʻōmaʻomaʻo

Nā hiʻohiʻona ʻenehana: ʻAʻohe pono o ka uila, hana i ke kiʻi pale i ka hopena wela o ka lumi.

Kaʻina hana maʻamau:

Ka hoʻololi ʻana o Chromate: ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion, akā he carcinogenic ka hexavalent chromium (papa ʻia e ka European Union).

ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka Phosphate chromate: kahi hoʻonā ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa a pili i ka chromium, i hoʻohana piha ʻia i ka laina hana Ford.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana iā Silane: ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā paʻakai metala me nā molekole organosilane e hōʻemi ana i nā kumukūʻai hoʻōla wai ʻino e 70%.

Hoʻopilikia i ka ʻenehana hou

ʻO ka uhi ʻana o Nano: ka pale pololei ʻana o ka pae mole

ʻO ka uhi "biomimetic lotus leaf effect" i hoʻomohala ʻia e ke Kulanui ʻo Harvard he kihi pili o 160 degere a ʻo nā kulu wai e hoʻokuʻu koke ʻia.ʻO ka BASF nanoceramic coating mai Kelemānia, me ka mānoanoa o 200nm, hiki ke pale i ka hopena o ke one a me ka ʻiliʻili.

ʻO ka uhi hoʻōla pilikino: ka "hoʻoponopono hou" o nā mea

Ua hoʻomohala ʻo Kansai Coatings ma Iapana i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻōla pilikino microcapsule e hoʻokuʻu ana i nā mea hana hoʻoponopono ma nā wahi ʻōpala, e ʻae ai i ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana i 24 mau hola.
Ua hoʻomohala ʻo Hefei Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, i kahi uhi pane wela e hoʻoponopono ʻokoʻa i ka wā e ʻike ai i ka wela.

ʻO ka uhi hoʻololi kala naʻauao: kahi ʻili hiki ke 'manaʻo'

ʻO ke aniani electrochromic Gentex mai ka ʻIseraʻela, me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka māmā i hoʻoponopono ʻia e ka uila (1% -80%)
Loaʻa ka ʻenehana inika uila ʻo Merck mai Kelemania i ka hoʻololi ikaika ʻana o nā hiʻohiʻona ma luna o nā pā alumini.

Panorama noi ʻoihana

Mea uila uila: kahi hōʻikeʻike o ka hana pololei

Hoʻohana ke kiʻi o Huawei Mate series i ka micro arc oxidation + PVD coating, me ka mānoanoa o 0.6mm wale nō.Hoʻohana ka Samsung Galaxy S24 Ultra kiʻi kalapona e like me ke daimana (DLC) me ka paʻakikī o HV900.

Nā Kaʻa ʻEhuka Hou: Ke kaulike ʻana i ka māmā a me ka palekana

Hoʻohana ʻo BYD blade pākaukau i ka anodizing+epoxy resin coating, flame retardant grade UL94 V-0
ʻO ka BMW iX chassis armor i uhi ʻia me ka silane ceramicized, e hoʻemi ana i ke kaumaha ma 30% a kū i ka hopena.

Pā ʻAi Kūleʻa: Hōʻike ʻenehana o nā nani o nā kūlanakauhale

Ua uhi ʻia nā paia o waho o ka Burj Khalifa ma Dubai me ka fluorocarbon, me ka pale ʻana i ka wā a hiki i 50 mau makahiki.
Hoʻohana ka lei aliʻi hale kiaʻi o Shanghai Center Building i ka photocatalysis self-cleaning coating e wehe i ka lepo ma hope o ka holoi ʻana i ka ua.

 
Nā ʻano a me nā pilikia e hiki mai ana

ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hana ʻōmaʻomaʻo

Mea hoʻololi biobased: hoʻohana i nā mea kanu e hoʻololi i nā kemika kuʻuna
ʻO ka mālama plasma haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa: hoʻemi ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu e 50%, ʻaʻohe hoʻohemo wai.

Hoʻohui hana nui

Ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka superhydrophobic, antibacterial, a me conductive ʻekolu i ka uhi hoʻokahi
ʻO ka uhi uila uila hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia: mālama i ka conductivity ʻoiai me ka wikiwiki o ka 300%.

Hoʻomohala akamai

ʻO ka uhi hoʻohui ʻia o ka sensor: Ka nānā ʻana i ka manawa maoli i ke kūlana olakino.

Ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka waihoʻoluʻu pane māmā: hoʻoponopono maʻalahi i ka hohonu o ka kala e like me ka ikaika o UV.


Ka manawa hoʻouna: Apr-09-2025